What does the MOD function return?

The MOD function is specifically designed to return the remainder of the division of one number by another. This mathematical operation is essential for various programming and data processing tasks, as it helps determine how many times a divisor fits into a dividend and what remains after that division.

For example, when using MOD with the numbers 10 and 3, the operation would yield 1 because 3 fits into 10 three times (making 9), and 1 remains as the remainder. This functionality is crucial for scenarios such as creating cycles in arrays, determining even or odd numbers, or when working with situations that require remainder calculations, such as in time calculations (like converting minutes into hours and minutes).

The other options describe different mathematical functions or operations that serve distinct purposes. The product refers to multiplication, the quotient pertains to division, and summing digits involves a completely different set of calculations. Therefore, the MOD function's returning of a remainder is what sets it apart from those operations.